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Archives & Records Management

34 standards in this subject area

Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, Second Edition

(AACR2)

The cataloguing rulebook that defined how English-speaking libraries described their collections.

Element Set / Metadata Schema historical American Library Association / Canadian Library Association / CILIP Est. 1978

Archival Resource Key

(ARK)

A persistent identifier scheme for long-term access to information objects managed by memory institutions.

Encoding Scheme / Value Vocabulary active ARK Alliance Est. 2001

Art & Architecture Thesaurus

(AAT)

A multilingual thesaurus of over 55,000 concepts for art, architecture, and material culture.

Vocabulary / Thesaurus active Getty Research Institute Updated January 25, 2021

BagIt File Packaging Format

(BagIt)

A file packaging convention using manifests and checksums for reliable digital content transfer.

Technical Specification active Library of Congress / California Digital Library Updated October 1, 2018

Cataloging Cultural Objects

(CCO)

Rules and best practices for creating consistent, sharable descriptions of cultural works and images.

Element Set / Metadata Schema active Visual Resources Association Est. 2006

Categories for the Description of Works of Art

(CDWA)

A framework of 540 categories for describing works of art, architecture, and material culture.

Element Set / Metadata Schema active J. Paul Getty Trust Updated October 21, 2024

CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model

(CIDOC-CRM)

An ISO-standard ontology for integrating cultural heritage data across museums, libraries, and archives.

Conceptual Data Model / Framework active CIDOC CRM Special Interest Group (ICOM-CIDOC) Updated June 1, 2024

copyrightMD

An XML schema for encoding copyright status and rights information within digital library objects.

Element Set / Metadata Schema active California Digital Library Updated November 14, 2025

DCMI Metadata Terms

(DCT)

The full set of properties, classes, and encoding schemes maintained by the Dublin Core community.

Element Set / Metadata Schema active Dublin Core Metadata Initiative Updated January 20, 2020

DCMI Type Vocabulary

Twelve broad classes for categorizing the nature or genre of a resource, from Dataset to Text.

Encoding Scheme / Value Vocabulary active Dublin Core Metadata Initiative Updated January 20, 2020

Describing Archives: A Content Standard

(DACS)

Content rules for describing archival materials and authority records in the United States.

Element Set / Metadata Schema active Society of American Archivists Updated January 1, 2022

Dublin Core Collection Description Application Profile

(DC Collections AP)

A Dublin Core profile for describing collections of physical or digital resources at the aggregate level.

Application Profile draft Dublin Core Metadata Initiative Updated March 9, 2007

Dublin Core Metadata Element Set

(DCMES)

Fifteen core properties for describing any resource, from title and creator to date and format.

Element Set / Metadata Schema active Dublin Core Metadata Initiative Updated June 14, 2012

Encoded Archival Context for Corporate Bodies, Persons, and Families

(EAC-CPF)

Encodes archival authority records for the corporate bodies, persons, and families behind collections.

Element Set / Metadata Schema active Society of American Archivists / Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin Updated January 30, 2024

Encoded Archival Description

(EAD)

The XML standard for encoding hierarchical archival finding aids and publishing them on the web.

Element Set / Metadata Schema active Society of American Archivists / Library of Congress Est. 1998

FISH Terminologies

(FISH)

A suite of over 20 thesauri for recording archaeological and built heritage in the British Isles.

Vocabulary / Thesaurus active Forum on Information Standards in Heritage Updated August 1, 2025

General International Standard Archival Description

(ISAD(G))

Provides 26 elements for multilevel archival description, from fonds down to individual items.

Element Set / Metadata Schema active International Council on Archives Updated January 1, 2000

International Image Interoperability Framework

(IIIF)

Open APIs for delivering, annotating, and sharing high-quality digital images across institutions.

Technical Specification active IIIF Consortium Updated June 5, 2023

International Standard Archival Authority Record for Corporate Bodies, Persons, and Families

(ISAAR(CPF))

Defines authority records for the people, families, and organizations that create archives.

Element Set / Metadata Schema active International Council on Archives Updated October 30, 2003

Library of Congress Name Authority File

(LCNAF)

Over eight million authority records for the names of persons, organizations, and titles.

Vocabulary / Thesaurus active Library of Congress Updated March 16, 2026

MARC 21

(MARC 21)

The dominant machine-readable format for exchanging bibliographic and authority data in libraries.

Exchange Format active Library of Congress Updated June 3, 2025

Metadata Authority Description Schema

(MADS)

An XML and RDF schema for authority records describing people, organizations, and subjects.

Element Set / Metadata Schema active Library of Congress Updated April 25, 2024

Metadata Encoding and Transmission Standard

(METS)

An XML container for packaging structural, descriptive, and administrative metadata for digital objects.

Technical Specification active Library of Congress Updated March 3, 2025

Metadata Object Description Schema

(MODS)

A readable XML alternative to MARC 21 for bibliographic description in digital libraries.

Element Set / Metadata Schema active Library of Congress Network Development and MARC Standards Office Updated September 30, 2024

Open Archival Information System

(OAIS)

A reference model defining the functions and information flows needed for long-term digital preservation.

Conceptual Data Model / Framework active Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems Updated December 1, 2024